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GENERAL
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Official Name
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Japan (Nihon or Nippon in Japanese which means ‘Origin of Sun’).
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Capital
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Tokyo
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Area
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3,77,727 sq. KM.
(Source: MLIT, Japan)
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Weather
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Predominantly temperate, it is marked by four distinct seasons with pronounced differences in the North and the South. Northern Japan has long and harsh winters and relatively cool summers. Central Japan has cold short winters and cool humid summers.
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Population
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123.203 million (As of Nov 1, 2025)
122.86 million (Estimated value as on April 1, 2026)
(Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan)
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Forest Cover (% of total area)
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67%
MAFF, Japan
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Tourist Arrivals
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42.68 million (2025)
(Source: Japan National Tourism Statistics)
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Age Profile
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The population under 15 years old is 10.8 percent of the total population.
The population aged 15 to 64 is 59.7 percent of the total population.
The population aged 65 years old and over is 29.5 percent of the total population.
(Estimates as on 01 April 2026)
(Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan)
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Life Expectancy
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Male – 81.09; Female – 87.13 years
(Source: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan)
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Languages
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Japanese
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Ethnic Groups
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● 97.9% Japanese
● 0.6% Chinese
● 0.4% Korean
● 1.1% Others
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Main Religions
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Shintoism (69.0%), Buddhism (66.7%), Christianity (1.5%), Others (6.2%)
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Internet Penetration
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85.6%
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Smart Phone Penetration
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80.5%
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Urbanization
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92%
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ECONOMIC
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Currency
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Japanese Yen, JPY
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Exchange rate with US $ & Rupee
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USD/JPY: 159.77
INR/JPY: 1.70
(April 2026)
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GDP
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Real: 591.4 trillion JPY (CY 2025)
Nominal: 663.8 trillion JPY (CY 2025)
(2025, Source: Cabinet Office Japan)
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GDP Per Capita
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USD 35,710 (2026)
Source: IMF
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Annual GDP Growth Rate
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Real: 1.2%
Nominal: 4.7%
(CY 2025, Source: Cabinet Office Japan)
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Major Sectors (% of GDP)
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Agriculture: 0.9
Industry: 26.1
Services: 72.9
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Unemployment Rate (%)
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2.6% (February 2026)
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Inflation (%)
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1.8 % (March 2026)
(Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan)
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Total Trade (Goods)
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JPY 228.2 trillion (FY25)
(Source: Ministry of Finance Trade Statistics)
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Exports (Goods)
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JPY 113.24 trillion (FY25)
(Source: Ministry of Finance Trade Statistics)
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Imports (Goods)
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JPY 114.96 trillion (FY25)
(Source: Ministry of Finance Trade Statistics)
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Balance of Trade (Goods)
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JPY 5.2 trillion (FY25)
(Source: Ministry of Finance Trade Statistics)
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Major Trading Partners (Total Trade)
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China, USA, EU
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POLITICAL
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Political Structure
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Japan is a constitutional monarchy. The Emperor is the symbol of State and of the unity of people. He performs his constitutional duties on the advice and with the approval of the Cabinet. Japan follows parliamentary democracy with separation of legislative, executive and judicial branches. The term of the government is four years. It may be terminated earlier if the Cabinet dissolves the House of Representatives. The Cabinet headed by Prime Minister is responsible to the Parliament (Diet) consisting of the House of Representatives (Lower House – 465 seats) and the House of Councilors (Upper House – 248 seats). Voting is by universal adult suffrage (18 years old and above).
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Head of State (Emperor)
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His Majesty the Emperor NARUHITO
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Head of Government (Prime Minister)
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H.E. Ms. Sanae Takaichi
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Minister for Foreign Affairs
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H.E. Mr. Toshimitsu Motegi
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BILATERAL
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Bilateral Trade
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USD 25.15 billion (FY 2024-25)
(Source: Department of Commerce, India)
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Indian Exports
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USD 6.25 billion (FY 2024-25)
(Source: Department of Commerce, India)
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Indian Imports
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USD 18.90 billion (FY 2024-25)
(Source: Department of Commerce, India)
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Major Items of Export and Import
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Export by India:
Organic Chemicals, Vehicles other than Railway or Tramway Rolling Stock, Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, Machinery, Aluminum, Fish and Crustaceans, Mollusca, Electrical machinery and equipment, Sound Recorders and Reproducers, Television Image and Sound Recorders, Natural or Cultured Pearls,Precious or Semiprecious Stones, Iron and steel, Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted.
Import from Japan:
Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, Machinery, Copper, Electrical Equipment, Sound Recorders and Reproducers, Television Image and Sound Recorders, Inorganic Chemicals,Precious Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, Iron and steel, Plastic, Organic Chemicals, Vehicles other than Railway or Tramway Rolling Stock.
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Country’s Investments in India
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USD 3.20 billion (Apr-Dec 25)
(Source: DPIIT, India)
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Indian Origin/PR s/Indian Students
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OCIs: 1761
Students: 2190
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Indian Diaspora
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65126
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Indian Organizations
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Banks: 2
PSUs: 2
Indian Associations registered with Embassy of India, Tokyo: 58
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